OPM simulation test

Contents
1. Introduction
2. Starting tutorial
3. Simulating SQUID- and OPM-MEG data
4. Estimating currents

1. Introduction

1.1. Scenario

Using simulated data, this tutorial demonstrates the source imaging from magnetoencephalography (MEG) data recorded with a new type of MEG device, an optically pumped magnetometer (OPM). For comparison, the source imaging from simulated SQUID-MEG data will also be performed. All the procedures will be conducted with scripts.

scenario

1.2. Assumed experimental procedure

This simulation test assumes that a subject performed a somatosensory task, in which an electrical stimulation was repeatedly presented to his right median nerve.

We assume that SQUID- and OPM-MEG were respectively recorded with a whole-head 400-channel system (210-channel Axial and 190-channel Planar Gradiometers; PQ1400RM; Yokogawa Electric Co., Japan) and the QuSpin Zero-Field Magnetometer (QZFM) Gen-2 (QuSpin Inc., USA).

2. Starting tutorial

2.1. Setting environment

This tutorial was developed using MATLAB 2019a on Linux.

(1) Download and unzip tutorial.zip
(2) Copy and paste all the files to $your_dir
(3) Start MATLAB and change current directory to $your_dir/program
(4) Open make_all.m by typing

>> open make_all

2.2. Adding VBMEG to search path

Thereafter, we will sequentially execute the commands in make_all.m from the top.

We add the VBMEG toolbox to search path.

>> path_of_VBMEG = '/home/cbi/takeda/analysis/toolbox/vbmeg_20220721';
>> addpath(path_of_VBMEG);
>> vbmeg

You need to modify path_of_VBMEG for your environment.

2.3. Setting parameters

We set the parameters for this simulation test.

>> p = set_parameters;

By default, generated data and figures will be respectively saved in

$your_dir/simulated_data,
$your_dir/figure.

3. Simulating SQUID- and OPM-MEG data

3.1. Simulating a source current

First of all, we simulate a source current based on that estimated from the real SQUID-MEG data during the somatosensory task.

>> make_sim_current(p);

The following file and figure will be saved.

$your_dir/simulated_data/cur.mat
$your_dir/figure/simulated_current.png

simulated current

3.2. Determining OPM sensor locations

We determine the locations and directions of simulated OPM sensors. To determine the locations, we project those of the real EEG sensors on the scalp surface and move them up 12 mm from the scalp surface. The directions are set to be reverse normal to the scalp surface.

>> make_sim_pick(p);

The OPM sensor information will be saved in

$your_dir/simulated_data/opm.meg.mat.

The following figures will be saved.

$your_dir/figure/squid_sensor.png
$your_dir/figure/opm_sensor.png

SQUID sensor
OPM sensor
In these figures, red dots and blue lines respectively indicate the sensor locations and directions.

3.3. Making a leadfield matrix

We make the leadfield matrix for the OPM sensors.

>> make_sim_basis(p);

The following file and figure will be saved.

$your_dir/simulated_data/Subject.basis.mat
$your_dir/figure/leadfield_norm.png

leadfield norm

3.4. Making simulated SQUID- and OPM-MEG data

Using the leadfield matrices, we make simulated SQUID- and OPM-MEG data.

>> make_sim_meg(p);

The simulated SQUID- and OPM-MEG data will be respectively saved in the following files.

$your_dir/simulated_data/squid.meg.mat
$your_dir/simulated_data/opm.meg.mat

The following figure will be saved.

$your_dir/figure/simulated_meg.png

simulated MEG

4. Estimating currents

4.1. Estimating current from SQUID-MEG data

We estimate the source current from the simulated SQUID-MEG data.

>> est_sim_current_squid(p);

The following files will be saved.

$your_dir/simulated_data/squid.bayes.mat (current variance)
$your_dir/simulated_data/squid.curr.mat (source current)

4.2. Estimating current from SQUID-MEG data

We estimate the source current from the simulated OPM-MEG data.

>> est_sim_current_opm(p);